Direction Ahead for Low-Carbon Development Finance in Vietnam
Patrick Lenain | 15 January 2026
Fiscal,
Monetary,
Commentary | Tags:
Economic Growth,
Energy,
Governing Finance,
Industrial Policy,
Vietnam Climate finance is featured prominently in international climate negotiations, and a number of countries have published climate finance strategies outlining investment needs for mitigation and adaptation. Yet a narrow focus on climate finance risks missing the point.
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How Vietnam Can Ensure Greener Steel
Patrick Lenain and
Deepak Sharma | 21 November 2025
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Decarbonization,
Energy,
Industrial Policy,
Vietnam The steel industry is an important pillar of Vietnam’s economic development. It provides input for the country’s rapid infrastructure expansion, it supports key manufacturing sectors such as construction and shipbuilding, and it contributes to export revenues and industrial employment.
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Accelerating Industrial Decarbonisation. The Role of Tax Incentives
Flurim Aliu,
Sofia Berg,
Luke Hatton,
Patrick Lenain,
Agustin Redonda,
Magd Shamashan and
Nirosha Elsem Varghese | 17 November 2025
Fiscal,
Discussion Notes | Tags:
Decarbonization,
Energy,
Industrial Policy,
Tax Expenditures Achieving net-zero targets in industrial sectors will require substantial investment in low-carbon technologies, especially in “hard-to-abate” industries such as steel, cement, and petrochemicals. In this context, tax incentives have emerged as a useful policy instrument ...
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Economic Policies for Affordable, Secure and Clean Energy. Insights from Germany
6 November 2025 | Berlin, Germany | By Invitation Fiscal,
Roundtables | Tags:
Energy,
Germany,
Industrial Policy,
Renewables The Council on Economic Policies is organizing a series of country-specific roundtables to examine the opportunities and challenges for an affordable, secure, and clean energy future
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Economic Policies for Affordable, Secure and Clean Energy. Insights from India
10 February 2025 | New Delhi, India | By Invitation Fiscal,
Roundtables | Tags:
Energy,
India,
Industrial Policy,
Renewables India has made significant progress over the last decade to deliver energy to its citizens and the economy. At the same time, many challenges remain...
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Unlocking a Sustainable Energy Future: Key Insights from the UK
Luke Hatton and
Patrick Lenain | 1 October 2024
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Decarbonization,
Energy,
Fossil Fuel Subsidies,
Industrial Policy,
Renewables,
United Kingdom The United Kingdom has made considerable strides in transforming its energy system. Since the early 1970s, the nation has reduced its primary energy consumption by one-fifth, even as its real GDP has nearly tripled. While low-carbon energy sources were once almost non-existent, they now account
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Economic Policies for Affordable, Secure and Clean Energy. Insights from France
Patrick Lenain | 3 May 2024
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Decarbonization,
Energy,
Fossil Fuel Subsidies,
France,
Industrial Policy,
Tax Expenditures Successive French governments have reformed the country’s energy sector, with notable achievements in maintaining affordable access, ensuring supply security, and reducing carbon emissions. However, the energy crisis triggered by Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022-23 has underscored the imperative for a thorough revision of France's
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Advancing Electric Mobility: The Key Role of Fiscal Policy and Regulation
Nicolas Benoit and
Patrick Lenain | 14 November 2023
Fiscal,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Decarbonization,
Energy,
Industrial Policy,
Tax Expenditures,
Transport In combination with public transport as well as autonomous and shared mobility, mass adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is a tremendous opportunity to move toward an affordable, secure and clean transportation.
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Inflation Reduction Act vs. Green Deal: Transatlantic Divergences on the Energy Transition
Patrick Lenain | 20 March 2023
Monetary,
Trade,
Blog | Tags:
Decarbonization,
Energy,
Industrial Policy,
Protectionism,
Tax Expenditures The U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) has caused significant transatlantic tensions since its signing by Joe Biden in August 2022. The White House aims to break with the country’s high levels of fossil fuel consumption and switch to clean energy - a change that Europeans
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