Upgrading Housing: the Potential and Limits of Borrower-Based Measures
Pierre Monnin,
Ádám Banai,
Kristīna Bojāre,
Ján Klacso,
Reiner Martin and
János Szakács | 3 March 2026
Monetary,
Discussion Notes | Tags:
Credit Risk,
Energy,
Financial Stability,
Housing,
Macroprudential Policy This paper explores how borrower-based measures (BBMs) can be adjusted to provide additional funding for housing-related energy-efficiency investments without compromising financial stability objectives.
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Unlocking Doors to Better Homes: Smarter Borrower Limits for Housing Upgrades Across Europe
Reiner Martin and
Pierre Monnin | 15 October 2025
Monetary,
Blog | Tags:
Credit Risk,
Energy,
Financial Stability,
Housing,
Macroprudential Policy Upgrading the energy efficiency of Europe’s homes is a cornerstone of the European Union’s strategy to achieve climate neutrality. Buildings account for about a third of the EU’s energy-related greenhouse gas emissions, making them one of the largest contributors to climate change.
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Housing Taxation in Europe
Salvador Barrios,
Viginta Ivaškaitė-Tamošiūnė,
Estefanía Vázquez Torres,
Cécile Denis and
Andriana Reut | 18 December 2019
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Housing,
Tax Expenditures Tax incentives favouring homeownership are widely used in developed economies. Homeownership is often thought to bring a number of positive contributions, from the promotion of households´ saving to enhanced community engagement. However, housing tax incentives are also considered as a major source of distortions for
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Tax Expenditures and Sustainability. An Overview
Agustin Redonda | 11 November 2016
Fiscal,
Discussion Notes | Tags:
Employment,
Energy,
Fossil Fuel Subsidies,
Health,
Housing,
Inequality,
Innovation,
Patent Boxes,
Pensions,
Tax Expenditures,
VAT Fiscal policy has significant effects on a broad sustainability agenda covering long-term economic, social and environmental goals. However, whereas a myriad of actors scrutinize taxation as well as direct government spending with regard to their impact on sustainability, a key feature of fiscal policy has
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Global Finance, Debt and Sustainability
3 October 2016, Zurich, Switzerland Lectures,
Monetary | Tags:
Climate Change,
Debt,
Financial Regulation,
Housing,
Inequality CEP Lecture by Adair Turner co-hosted with the IMF. Lord Turner has been a Senior Fellow at the Institute for New Economic Thinking since 2013, and in 2015 became Chairman of the Institute’s Governing Body.
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Property Taxes and Sustainability
Alexander Barkawi and
Peter Heller | 26 August 2013
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Housing,
Inequality Many economists advocate that a higher share of government revenue should derive from taxes on immovable property. Proponents of a sustainability agenda may want to follow their advice. Read an OECD economic survey for a particular country and chances are high it recommends increasing the
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