Rethinking Europe’s Climate Insurance Framework
22 September 2026 | Brussels | By Invitation Monetary,
Roundtables | Tags:
Climate Change,
Europe,
Financial Stability,
Insurance,
Systemic Risks Europe is the fastest-warming continent and faces mounting economic costs from climate-related disasters. Insurance is central to managing and mitigating these costs. Yet Europe’s protection gap is significant and persistent ...
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As Supply Shocks Multiply, Monetary Policy Will Shape Corporate Resilience
Julia Bingler | 1 September 2026
Monetary,
Commentary | Tags:
Central Banks,
Energy,
Financial Stability,
Insurance,
Novel Risks The ongoing disruption of wide-ranging commodities following the closure of the Strait of Hormuz is the latest in a series of supply-side shocks arriving with growing frequency and intensity. When such a shock hits, monetary tightening raises the cost of borrowing for exactly those long-horizon,
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Fortifying the Role of Finance After Indonesia’s Floods
Muhammad Qaisar and
Togi Prakoso | 14 March 2026
Monetary,
Commentary | Tags:
Climate Risks,
Financial Stability,
Governing Finance,
Indonesia,
Macroprudential Policy The floods are a stark reminder that finance is never neutral. When well governed, it can absorb shocks, speed reconstruction and strengthen resilience. When misaligned, it can amplify fragilities and lock in future risks.
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Upgrading Housing: the Potential and Limits of Borrower-Based Measures
Pierre Monnin,
Ádám Banai,
Kristīna Bojāre,
Ján Klacso,
Reiner Martin and
János Szakács | 3 March 2026
Monetary,
Discussion Notes | Tags:
Credit Risk,
Energy,
Financial Stability,
Housing,
Macroprudential Policy This paper explores how borrower-based measures (BBMs) can be adjusted to provide additional funding for housing-related energy-efficiency investments without compromising financial stability objectives.
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The Macroprudential Response to Climate Systemic Risk: Four Essential Pillars
Laura Bartolomeu,
Wildmer Gregori,
Pierre Monnin and
Fátima Silva | 26 February 2026
Monetary,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Climate Risks,
Financial Stability,
Macroprudential Policy,
Portugal,
Systemic Risks While existing macroprudential policy toolkits can already be deployed to address climate-related systemic risk, their implementation shall account for the data available to assess climate-related risks, the state of knowledge about them, and the institutional frameworks in which macroprudential instruments operate.
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Unlocking Doors to Better Homes: Smarter Borrower Limits for Housing Upgrades Across Europe
Reiner Martin and
Pierre Monnin | 15 October 2025
Monetary,
Blog | Tags:
Credit Risk,
Energy,
Financial Stability,
Housing,
Macroprudential Policy Upgrading the energy efficiency of Europe’s homes is a cornerstone of the European Union’s strategy to achieve climate neutrality. Buildings account for about a third of the EU’s energy-related greenhouse gas emissions, making them one of the largest contributors to climate change.
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From Risk to Resilience. Closing the Climate Insurance Protection Gap
Jérôme Crugnola-Humbert | 8 September 2025
Monetary,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Climate Risks,
Financial Stability,
Inequality,
Insurance When insurers stop covering climate risks, these risks are transferred onto individuals, businesses, and taxpayers. Insufficient insurance coverage not only undermines the financial system’s ability to absorb shocks but also has wider economic, fiscal, and social repercussions.
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A Macroprudential Approach to Compound Climate Risks
Paul Hiebert and
Pierre Monnin | 5 September 2025
Monetary,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Climate Risks,
Financial Stability,
Macroprudential Policy,
Systemic Risks Macroprudential authorities can make an integral contribution to a more resilient financial system capable of withstanding the evolving challenges posed by climate change, economic shocks and their complex interplay.
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Climate Change and Inflation Targeting Frameworks
14 April 2025 | 18.00 CET | Online | Co-hosted with E-axes Forum Monetary,
Webinar | Tags:
Central Banks,
Climate Risks,
Financial Stability,
Inflation How can monetary policy adapt in a world where negative supply shocks caused by climate change as well as the introduction of carbon taxes may intensify persistent inflationary pressures?.
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Micro- and Macroprudential Options to Reduce Climate Financial Risks
14 April 2025 | Online | by Invitation | Co-hosted with I4CE Monetary,
Roundtables | Tags:
Climate Risks,
Financial Stability,
Financial Supervision,
Macroprudential Policy,
Systemic Risks Given the accelerating pace of climate-related threats, financial regulators must strengthen the banking sector's resilience and mitigate the buildup of climate risks.
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