Services in the India-EU Free Trade Agreement
Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås | 30 October 2023
Trade,
Research Papers | Tags:
EU,
India,
Services Trade,
Telecommunications,
Trade Agreements
EU and India have common objectives to lead the digital transition in an inclusive and sustainable manner while safeguarding privacy, security and competition.
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“First Time’s the Charm”: Lessons from Georgia’s Tax Expenditure Report
Nino Mikeladze and
Victor Mylonas | 3 October 2023
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Georgia,
Tax Expenditures
Georgia has recently published its first Tax Expenditure Report (TER). This blog highlights the key lessons derived from the tax expenditures reporting process in Georgia.
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Differentiated Carbon Prices in the Electricity Sector: Towards a Cooperative Approach Based on Purchasing Power Parity
Patrick Lenain | 25 August 2023
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Carbon Pricing,
Energy,
Renewables
One in five people lacks access to affordable and reliable power. Properly designed, differentiated carbon prices based on purchasing power parity exchange rates (PPPs) would be a giant step to delivering electricity that is more affordable, secure, and clean.
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Climate-Related Systemic Risks and Macroprudential Policy
Paul Hiebert and
Pierre Monnin | 9 August 2023
Monetary,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Climate Risks,
Financial Stability,
Financial Supervision,
Macroprudential Policy,
Systemic Risks
Central banks and financial supervisors must rapidly develop sound risk management practices adapted to a context in which policy decisions rely on imperfect data and high uncertainty.
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Increasing Transparency on Tax Expenditures in Germany
Flurim Aliu,
Robert Grundke and
Christian von Haldenwang | 8 August 2023
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Germany,
Tax Expenditures
As in many other countries, the use of public resources to grant beneficial tax treatments (or tax expenditures) is less well reported and scrutinized in Germany than direct spending.
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The Case for International Digital Standards for Interoperability of Trade in Digital Services
Jane Drake-Brockman,
Manjeet Kripalani,
Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås,
Hosuk Lee-Makiyama and
Badri Narayanan Gopalakrishnan | 4 August 2023
Trade,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Data Governance,
Digital Economy,
International Standards,
Services Trade
Divergences in standards add compliance costs and limit the ability of businesses, especially micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises, to connect across borders and reap the benefits from scale and access to technology.
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Challenges and Opportunities for the Reform of Fossil Fuel Tax Expenditures in Developing and Emerging Economies
Tara Laan and
Ronald Steenblik | 13 July 2023
Fiscal,
Discussion Notes | Tags:
Energy,
Fossil Fuel Subsidies,
Tax Expenditures,
Tax Reform
Most governments subsidize some fossil fuels, whether to increase domestic energy supply, support declining mining regions, or make fuels more affordable for industry, motor vehicles, or households. These subsidies can be problematic...
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Inclusive Green Finance: a New Agenda for Central Banks and Financial Supervisors
Ulrich Volz and
Peter Knaack | 23 June 2023
Monetary,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Financial Inclusion,
Green Finance
Through an integrated inclusive green finance (IGF) approach, central banks and financial supervisors can enable a just transition to an environmentally sustainable economy and avoid potential adverse effects on economically vulnerable groups.
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Let’s Find a Way to Get Tax Subsidies for Clean Energy Right
Agustin Redonda,
Patrick Lenain and
Flurim Aliu | 10 May 2023
Fiscal,
Op-Eds | Tags:
Energy,
Fossil Fuel Subsidies,
Tax Expenditures
Governments worldwide are finally providing substantial fiscal support to clean energy. This newfound enthusiasm is driven not only by the need to address climate change, but also by a desire to reduce dependence on volatile fossil fuel markets...
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