Inclusive Green Finance: a New Agenda for Central Banks and Financial Supervisors
Ulrich Volz and
Peter Knaack | 23 June 2023
Monetary,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Financial Inclusion,
Green Finance
Through an integrated inclusive green finance (IGF) approach, central banks and financial supervisors can enable a just transition to an environmentally sustainable economy and avoid potential adverse effects on economically vulnerable groups.
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Services in the India-EU Free Trade Agreement
Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås | 18 April 2023
Trade,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
EU,
India,
Services Trade,
Telecommunications,
Trade Agreements
EU and India are both committed to the global trading system, and both are concerned with making the digital and green transition work for all.
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Climate Risks in Albania and their Relevance to the Central Bank
Margerita Topalli and
Pierre Monnin | 14 March 2023
Monetary,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Central Banks,
Climate Change,
Financial Stability,
Sustainable Finance
Climate change has far-reaching impacts, both in breadth and magnitude that are starting to affect the economy and society in Albania. Mitigating them and positioning the Albanian economy on a sustainable path requires important structural transformations and investments.
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Supporting the Just Transition: a Roadmap for Central Banks and Financial Supervisors
Pierre Monnin and
Nick Robins | 22 December 2022
Monetary,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Central Banks,
Financial Inclusion,
Financial Supervision,
Inequality,
Transition risks
Shifting to a sustainable economy will reshape the outlook for countries and sectors across the world. Managed well, the net zero transition could lead to more and better jobs as well as reduced risks from climate shocks. Managed poorly, however, it could result not
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Trade in Marine Debris Collection Services
Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås and
Ronald Steenblik | 15 December 2022
Trade,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Biodiversity Risk,
Environmental Services,
Services Trade
The economic costs of marine debris to the APEC region are high. It is critical to remove restrictions on trade, investment and the temporary movement of people needed to engage in debris clean-up services. APEC Ministers have noted how environmental services are important to prevent,
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China’s Structural Monetary Policy Tools: Objectives, Limitations, Unintended Consequences
Sebastian Guo | 7 November 2022
Monetary,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Central Banks,
China,
Targeted Refinancing Lines
Central bank interventions have intended and unintended structural effects. A growing number of monetary authorities are acknowledging these structural implications of monetary policy and have started addressing them more actively. In line with this development, the People’s Bank of China (PBC) has introduced a range
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Digital Industrialization: Building Internationally Competitive Digital Industries With Global Value Chain Connectivity
Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås,
Rupa Chanda,
Yose Rizal Damuri,
Jane Drake-Brockman,
Dionisius Narjoko,
Neha Mishra,
Matthew Stephenson and
Makoto Yokazawa | 14 October 2022
Trade,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Digital Economy,
Trade Governance
Formulating domestic strategies to develop digital industries and increase participation in fast growing “tech trade” has emerged as a policy priority across the G20. This requires a balancing act between industrialization versus employment objectives, data protection and national security goals versus international competitiveness and openness.
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Tax Expenditures and Female Labour Force Participation
Agustin Redonda,
Jacob Bastian,
Amina Ebrahim,
Nora Lustig and
Miranda Stewart | 4 October 2022
Fiscal,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Employment,
Fiscal Policy,
Tax Expenditures
The gender gap in labour force participation (LFP) has been a long-standing issue worldwide. On average, female LFP is currently 25 percentage points below men’s. The impact of the COVID19 pandemic has widened the gap since women have been hit harder by the crisis.. The
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