Energy Tax Expenditures in a Globalized Economy
Agustin Redonda and
Johannes Schwarzer | 9 May 2018
Fiscal,
Trade,
Discussion Notes | Tags:
Energy,
Tax Competition,
Tax Expenditures Countries around the world have introduced energy taxes to expand revenues, reduce energy consumption and curb greenhouse gas emissions. In that context, they have frequently also implemented tax provisions to lower the energy tax bill for certain industries, households and regions. Tax exemptions and deductions
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Central Banks and the Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy
Pierre Monnin | 22 March 2018
Monetary,
Discussion Notes | Tags:
Central Banks,
Environment,
Macroprudential Regulation,
Quantitative Easing Climate change is a fundamental challenge for our societies. Containing it will require a profound and radical transformation of our economic system, including a substantial reorientation of investments toward low-carbon technologies. The question to what extent central banks can and should contribute to this effort
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How’s Life?
Alexander Barkawi | 22 January 2018
Fiscal,
Monetary,
Trade,
Publications | Tags:
Environment,
Inequality In November, the OECD published its most recent report on a short but fundamental question: How’s Life? Income is an important, but not the only factor in determining the answer. The OECD reflects this by going beyond the focus on GDP, that has for long
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Climate Change Adds to Risk for Banks, but EU Lending Proposals Will Do More Harm Than Good
Arnoud Boot and
Dirk Schoenmaker | 17 January 2018
Monetary,
Blog | Tags:
Climate Change,
Financial Stability,
Macroprudential Regulation Climate change is a relevant risk factor for the banking sector, but the European Commission's plan to lower capital requirements for greener investments is irresponsible in encouraging banks to forego proper risk management.
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Shedding Light on Hidden Government Spending: Tax Expenditures
Agustin Redonda and
Tom Neubig | 20 December 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Tax Expenditures Tax expenditures (TEs) are used by governments around the world to promote public policy objectives. Examples include tax deductions on mortgage interest to encourage home ownership and preferential tax treatment of pension savings.
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Fighting Poverty with Taxes
Patricia K. Tong | 21 November 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Inequality,
Poverty,
Tax Expenditures One way the U.S. federal income tax system provides low-income families with financial support is through refundable tax credits. Families can claim refundable tax credits even if they do not owe any tax liability, which allows families with the lowest incomes to receive benefits.
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In France, Evaluating Tax Expenditure Effectiveness Remains a Challenge
Valérie Segond | 16 November 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Tax Expenditures The inability of the French government to ensure that a particular tax benefit reaches its primary goal – i.e. the assessment of public expenditure effectiveness – lies at the heart of the expansion of public subsidies.
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Tax Expenditures and the Environment: Strengthening the Spotlight
Agustin Redonda | 8 November 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Energy,
Environment,
Fossil Fuel Subsidies,
Tax Expenditures Tax expenditures – government spending through deductions, exemptions, and other benefits granted through the tax code – are significant and have wide ranging environmental implications. A stronger green fiscal policy spotlight on them is critical.
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Services Policy Reform and Manufacturing Employment: Evidence from Transition Economies
Matteo Fiorini,
Bernard Hoekman and
Clement Malgouyres | 13 September 2017
Trade,
Research Papers | Tags:
Employment,
Services Trade Policy reforms targeting the services sectors are a neglected dimension of the process of structural transformation and economic development. The effects of such reforms on employment across industries as a function of their use of services as intermediate inputs are theoretically ambiguous and remain largely
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Is It Time To Take Away The Carbon Punch Bowl?
Josh Ryan-Collins | 5 September 2017
Monetary,
Blog | Tags:
Climate Change,
Financial Stability,
Macroprudential Policy Climate change poses serious financial risks. Perhaps the biggest systemic risk is a disorderly transition to a low carbon economy. As noted in the Bank of England’s ‘response to Climate Change’, current forecasts suggest that to keep global average temperatures below 2 degrees, around two-thirds of
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Fiscal Policy and Informality
Agustin Redonda | 1 September 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Inequality,
Pensions,
Tax Expenditures Countries differ from each other in several aspects that need to be considered when designing fiscal policy. The size of the informal sector is a case in point.
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Unpacking Patent Boxes
Ben Klemens | 26 July 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Patent Boxes,
Tax Competition,
Tax Expenditures An intellectual property box is a special lower tax rate for profits associated with intellectual property (IP). There are over twenty around the world, and over the last few years bills have been introduced to the U.S. Congress for a U.S. IP box. IP boxes always
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Tax Expenditures. The Big Black Box
Agustin Redonda | 20 July 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Tax Expenditures According to the federal financial statements 2016, tax expenditures in Switzerland reduced government revenues by 21 to 25 billion Swiss francs. This amounts to 31 to 37 percent of the country’s federal income.
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Monetary Policy and the Redistribution Channel
Adrien Auclert | 28 June 2017
Monetary,
Research Papers | Tags:
Income Inequality,
Inflation,
Interest Rates This paper evaluates the role of redistribution in the transmission mechanism of monetary policy to consumption. Three channels affect aggregate spending when winners and losers have different marginal propensities to consume: an earnings heterogeneity channel from unequal income gains, a Fisher channel from unexpected inflation,
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Foreign Trade Barriers and Jobs in Global Supply Chains
Stefan Kühn and
Christian Viegelahn | 27 June 2017
Trade,
Research Papers | Tags:
Employment,
Services Trade This paper studies the impact of foreign barriers to goods and services trade on domestic jobs that are directly or indirectly related to affected trade flows.
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