Tax Expenditures and the Environment: Strengthening the Spotlight
Agustin Redonda | 8 November 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Energy,
Environment,
Fossil Fuel Subsidies,
Tax Expenditures Tax expenditures – government spending through deductions, exemptions, and other benefits granted through the tax code – are significant and have wide ranging environmental implications. A stronger green fiscal policy spotlight on them is critical.
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Services Policy Reform and Manufacturing Employment: Evidence from Transition Economies
Matteo Fiorini,
Bernard Hoekman and
Clement Malgouyres | 13 September 2017
Trade,
Research Papers | Tags:
Employment,
Services Trade Policy reforms targeting the services sectors are a neglected dimension of the process of structural transformation and economic development. The effects of such reforms on employment across industries as a function of their use of services as intermediate inputs are theoretically ambiguous and remain largely
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Is It Time To Take Away The Carbon Punch Bowl?
Josh Ryan-Collins | 5 September 2017
Monetary,
Blog | Tags:
Climate Change,
Financial Stability,
Macroprudential Policy Climate change poses serious financial risks. Perhaps the biggest systemic risk is a disorderly transition to a low carbon economy. As noted in the Bank of England’s ‘response to Climate Change’, current forecasts suggest that to keep global average temperatures below 2 degrees, around two-thirds of
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Fiscal Policy and Informality
Agustin Redonda | 1 September 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Inequality,
Pensions,
Tax Expenditures Countries differ from each other in several aspects that need to be considered when designing fiscal policy. The size of the informal sector is a case in point.
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Unpacking Patent Boxes
Ben Klemens | 26 July 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Patent Boxes,
Tax Competition,
Tax Expenditures An intellectual property box is a special lower tax rate for profits associated with intellectual property (IP). There are over twenty around the world, and over the last few years bills have been introduced to the U.S. Congress for a U.S. IP box. IP boxes always
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Tax Expenditures. The Big Black Box
Agustin Redonda | 20 July 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Tax Expenditures According to the federal financial statements 2016, tax expenditures in Switzerland reduced government revenues by 21 to 25 billion Swiss francs. This amounts to 31 to 37 percent of the country’s federal income.
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Monetary Policy and the Redistribution Channel
Adrien Auclert | 28 June 2017
Monetary,
Research Papers | Tags:
Income Inequality,
Inflation,
Interest Rates This paper evaluates the role of redistribution in the transmission mechanism of monetary policy to consumption. Three channels affect aggregate spending when winners and losers have different marginal propensities to consume: an earnings heterogeneity channel from unequal income gains, a Fisher channel from unexpected inflation,
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Foreign Trade Barriers and Jobs in Global Supply Chains
Stefan Kühn and
Christian Viegelahn | 27 June 2017
Trade,
Research Papers | Tags:
Employment,
Services Trade This paper studies the impact of foreign barriers to goods and services trade on domestic jobs that are directly or indirectly related to affected trade flows.
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The Impact of Service and Goods Offshoring on Employment: Firm-Level Evidence
Ilke Van Beveren,
Stijn Vanormelingen and
Carmine Ornaghi | 29 May 2017
Trade,
Research Papers | Tags:
Employment,
Services Trade Advances in communication technology have led to a remarkable increase in the tradability of services, resulting in a substantial increase in offshoring of services over the last two decades. Research investigating how this surge in service offshoring affects employment, has been largely hampered by the
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Measuring Tax Expenditures in Developing Countries: What is the Role of the G20?
Magalí Brosio | 26 May 2017
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Inequality,
Tax Competition,
Tax Expenditures For many countries in the developing world, tax exemptions are considered a crucial instrument for stimulating private local investment and, mainly, attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. According to the point of view that promotes tax expenditures as a convenient tool for achieving these goals,
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Why Monetary Policy Should Go Green
Alexander Barkawi | 19 May 2017
Monetary,
Blog | Tags:
Climate Change,
Collateral Frameworks,
Green Finance,
QE Guest Post, FT Alphaville. Monetary policy is rarely a topic in debates on green finance. It should. The €60bn that the European Central Bank is currently injecting into financial markets on a monthly basis are a case in point. Its intervention amounts to nearly three
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Intellectual Property Boxes and the Paradox of Price Discrimination
Ben Klemens | 15 May 2017
Fiscal,
Research Papers | Tags:
Corporate Taxes,
Innovation,
Patent Boxes,
Tax Competition,
Tax Expenditures This paper considers the methods by which some existing laws and proposals offer different tax rates to different types of capital, a scheme variously known as a patent box, innovation box, or intellectual property box (IP box). It presents a model of international tax competition—what
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Monetary Policy, Macroprudential Regulation and Inequality
Pierre Monnin | 12 April 2017
Monetary,
Discussion Notes | Tags:
Inequality,
Interest Rates,
Macroprudential Policy The 2008 global financial crisis profoundly changed the role of central banks in the economy. First, central banks engaged in strong expansionary monetary policy, using new unconventional tools to boost economic activity. Second, they were key to containing financial instability, which led them to implement
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The Effects of Exporting on Labour Productivity: Evidence from German Firms
Johannes Schwarzer | 24 March 2017
Trade,
Research Papers | Tags:
Employment,
Productivity,
Services Trade We revisit the "self-selection vs. learning-by-exporting (LBE)" debate with new evidence on a large panel of German firms of all economic sectors up to the 3-digit NACE level, between 1993-2014, and shed new light on the channels that foster export-induced productivity gains.
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Trade and Jobs in Europe: The Role of Mode 5 Services Exports
José M. Rueda-Cantuche,
Lucian Cernat and
Nuno Sousa | 16 March 2017
Trade,
Blog | Tags:
Employment,
Services Trade From 1995 to 2011, the EU employment supported by exports of goods and services to the rest of the world grew by 67%, reaching a total of 31 million jobs. In a recent research piece we set out to bring to light some key insights
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