The Earned Income Tax Credit: Helping Families at a Surprisingly Low Cost
Jacob Bastian | 29 November 2018
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Inequality,
Poverty,
Tax Expenditures Amid growing concerns over stagnant rates of intergenerational mobility, little to no wage growth for low-skilled workers, and declining rates of labor force participation, policymakers are interested in approaches to strengthen incentives to work, increase household income for disadvantaged families, and increase children’s economic opportunity.
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International Economic Cooperation in Troubled Times: A Call for Strong Action by the G20
Axel Berger,
Uri Dadush,
Andreas Freytag,
Simon Evenett,
Christian von Haldenwang,
Ricardo Meléndez Ortiz,
Raúl Ochoa,
Karl P. Sauvant and
Agustin Redonda | 26 November 2018
Fiscal,
Trade,
Blog | Tags:
Employment,
G20,
Investment,
Protectionism,
Services Trade,
Tax Competition,
Tax Expenditures The leaders of the G20 will meet on 30 November and 1 December in Buenos Aires for their annual summit. They need to acknowledge that the last two years have been characterized by strong headwinds for the world economy. This time, however, it is not
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Assessing Tax Expenditure Reporting in G20 and OECD Economies
Tom Neubig and
Agustin Redonda | 6 November 2018
Fiscal,
Discussion Notes | Tags:
G20,
OECD,
Tax Expenditures Governments worldwide pursue public policy objectives through direct spending and tax expenditures (TEs). Interestingly though, and despite their significant impact on government budgets, TEs are opaque and very often not subject to the same level of scrutiny in the budget process as direct spending. This
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Investor-State Dispute Settlement: An Anachronism Whose Time Has Gone
Johannes Schwarzer | 24 September 2018
Trade,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Investment,
ISDS,
Services Trade Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) – a mechanism that allows foreign investors to bring claims against host governments to an international arbitral tribunal – is a postcolonial relic that should be abolished.
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Central Banks Should Reflect Climate Risks in Monetary Policy Operations
Pierre Monnin | 10 September 2018
Monetary,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Asset Purchases,
Central Banks,
Climate Risk,
Collateral Framework The transition to a low-carbon economy requires a shift in capital allocation from incumbent carbon-intensive technologies to new low-carbon technologies. Financial markets play a key role in this process: they influence firms’ investment costs and serve as reference point in investors’ decisions. Currently, there
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Climate Change and Finance: What Role for Central Banks and Financial Regulators?
Emanuele Campiglio,
Yannis Dafermos,
Pierre Monnin,
Josh Ryan-Collins,
Guido Schotten and
Misa Tanaka | 7 September 2018
Monetary,
Blog | Tags:
Central Banks,
Climate Change,
Environment,
Financial Regulation Climate change poses risks to the financial system. Yet our understanding of these risks is still limited. As we explain in a recent paper published in Nature Climate Change, central banks and financial regulators could contribute to the development of methodologies and modelling tools for
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Mend It, Don´t End It: The case for upgrading the G20’s pledge on protectionism
Johannes Schwarzer,
Simon Evenett,
Sait Akman,
Axel Berger,
Eduardo Bianchi,
Carlos Primo Braga,
Marcela Cristini,
Kamala Dawar,
Matthias Helble,
Galina Kolev,
Jürgen Matthes,
Maximiliano Mendez-Parra,
Claudia Schmucker,
Akihiko Tamura and
Tu Xinquan | 3 September 2018
Trade,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Protectionism,
Services Trade Despite neutering the official monitoring of protectionism, unmistakable evidence assembled from state sources demonstrates that G20 members routinely violate their “no protectionism” pledge.
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Mitigating the Adjustment Costs of International Trade
Johannes Schwarzer,
Clara Brandi,
Uri Dadush,
Peter Draper,
Andreas Freytag,
Miriam Kautz,
Peter Rashish and
Rob Vos | 3 September 2018
Trade,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Employment The evidence demonstrating that nations gain from trade is overwhelming. However, trade liberalization can cause disruption to firms and workers, and its gains and losses are spread unevenly.
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Are Tax Incentives in Nigeria Attracting Investment or Giving Away Revenue?
Mustapha Ndajiwo | 16 August 2018
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Tax Competition,
Tax Expenditures For over a decade, Nigeria, like so many developing countries, has been granting a number of tax incentives to multinational companies in a bid to attract foreign direct investment. Proponents of the incentives argue that the measures are vital to the development of the economy,
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Green Fiscal Reform Was Not Invited to the G20’s Tango Show
Michael Jakob | 1 August 2018
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Carbon Pricing,
Climate Change,
Fossil Fuel Subsidies,
Latin America The Argentine G20 presidency has three concrete priorities: jobs, infrastructure, and food security. Strikingly though, carbon pricing was not invited for Tango. Indeed, the absence of carbon pricing as well as green fiscal reform among the list of priorities within this year’s agenda jeopardizes the
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The Sunday Program: International Tax Cooperation in the G20
Agustin Redonda | 20 July 2018
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
G20,
Tax Competition,
Tax Expenditures Christine Lagarde suggested in a recent IMF Blog that G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors should concentrate their efforts on three fields when they meet in Buenos Aires on Sunday: global trade, emerging market vulnerabilities, and the impact of technology on jobs. International tax
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Tax Competition
Christian von Haldenwang,
Tommaso Faccio,
Tobias Hentze,
Thomas Mättig,
Irma Mosquera Valderrama,
Agustin Redonda,
Gabriela Rigoni,
Jakob Schwab and
Rob Vos | 12 July 2018
Fiscal,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Corporate Tax,
Tax Competition The world is facing a new round of international tax competition that may result in a ruinous race to the bottom, undermining the fiscal capacity of states to respond to global challenges and to implement the Agenda 2030. G20 leaders must take action to strengthen
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Tax Expenditure and the Treatment of Tax Incentives for Investment
Agustin Redonda,
Santiago Diaz de Sarralde,
Christian von Haldenwang,
Lise Johnson,
Ariel Melamud,
Ricardo Rozemberg and
Jakob Schwab | 12 July 2018
Fiscal,
Policy Briefs | Tags:
Fossil Fuel Subsidies,
Investment,
Tax Expenditures Governments use tax expenditures to boost investment, innovation and employment. However, these schemes are largely opaque, costly and often ineffective in reaching their stated goals. They also frequently trigger unwanted side effects. In order to improve the performance of these tools, we present three concrete
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Domestic Revenue Mobilization and Tax Expenditures in Developing Countries
Tom Neubig and
Agustin Redonda | 11 July 2018
Fiscal,
Blog | Tags:
Domestic Revenue Mobilization,
Tax Expenditures Domestic revenue mobilization (DRM) is a fundamental component of any sustainable development strategy. This is particularly salient in developing countries where low DRM levels are often one of the most important impediments to inclusive economic growth. Whereas external financing – including, e.g. official development assistance
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Financial Stability and Inequality: A Challenge for Macroprudential Regulation
Pierre Monnin | 5 June 2018
Monetary,
Blog | Tags:
Central Banks,
Financial Regulation,
Financial Stability,
Inequality,
Macroprudential Policy The global financial crisis shed new light on the role that central banks play for financial stability. In response to the financial turmoil, central banks took radical action to stabilize the financial system, by providing liquidity to banks and buying up financial assets. Following these
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