Integrating Climate Risks into Credit Risk Assessment: Current Methodologies and the Case of Central Banks Corporate Bond Purchases
Pierre Monnin | 21 December 2018
Discussion Notes,
Monetary | Tags:
Climate risk,
Credit risk,
ECB Corporate Sector Purchase Programme Climate change, and the transition to a low-carbon economy that can mitigate it, engender significant economic costs. These costs are ultimately borne by households and firms. They affect households’ and firms’ cash flows and wealth, which are key determinants of their credit worthiness. Climate-related costs
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The Earned Income Tax Credit: Helping Families at a Surprisingly Low Cost
Jacob Bastian | 29 November 2018
Blog,
Fiscal | Tags:
Inequality,
Poverty,
Tax Expenditures Amid growing concerns over stagnant rates of intergenerational mobility, little to no wage growth for low-skilled workers, and declining rates of labor force participation, policymakers are interested in approaches to strengthen incentives to work, increase household income for disadvantaged families, and increase children’s economic opportunity.
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International Economic Cooperation in Troubled Times: A Call for Strong Action by the G20
Axel Berger,
Uri Dadush,
Andreas Freytag,
Simon Evenett,
Christian von Haldenwang,
Ricardo Meléndez Ortiz,
Raúl Ochoa,
Agustin Redonda and
Karl P. Sauvant | 26 November 2018
Blog,
Fiscal,
Trade | Tags:
Employment,
G20,
Investment,
Protectionism,
Services Trade,
Tax Competition,
Tax Expenditures The leaders of the G20 will meet on 30 November and 1 December in Buenos Aires for their annual summit. They need to acknowledge that the last two years have been characterized by strong headwinds for the world economy. This time, however, it is not
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Assessing Tax Expenditure Reporting in G20 and OECD Economies
Agustin Redonda and
Tom Neubig | 6 November 2018
Discussion Notes,
Fiscal | Tags:
G20,
OECD,
Tax Expenditures Governments worldwide pursue public policy objectives through direct spending and tax expenditures (TEs). Interestingly though, and despite their significant impact on government budgets, TEs are opaque and very often not subject to the same level of scrutiny in the budget process as direct spending. This
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Investor-State Dispute Settlement: An Anachronism Whose Time Has Gone
Johannes Schwarzer | 24 September 2018
Policy Briefs,
Trade | Tags:
Investment,
ISDS,
Services Trade Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) – a mechanism that allows foreign investors to bring claims against host governments to an international arbitral tribunal – is a postcolonial relic that should be abolished.
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